No Child Left Behind legislation driving education in US

“This legislation needs to be revised to make it workable and to make it into something that will actually help students.”
Bill McCabe


School districts throughout the United States are becoming familiar with the No Child Left Behind legislation that was passed into law January 8, 2002. School districts in California have recently completed their Local Education Agency Plan (LEAP), the first major requirement of the law.

Tracey McCully, manager of categorical programs for the Madera County Office of Education, spoke to the Yosemite Joint Union High School District staff this spring, outlining what NCLB means to educators and students.

This is legislation that many educators are concerned about but YJUHSD and Coarsegold Union School District Superintendent Bill McCabe says it won't go away. "We can only hope they will work with us to revise it so it will be workable," he said.

Mr. McCabe wrote a letter earlier this year to a number of federal and state officials citing concerns about the legislation. All area superintendents and principals signed the letter.

The NCLB rules apply to all districts that accept federal funds and some state funds. Some districts are beginning to question whether or not to accept the money.

In his letter to Representative George Radanovich, Mr. McCabe wrote: "There are so many requirements attached to NCLB and some of the entitlement programs, that some districts, particularly small ones, are starting to ask if they would be better off to decline the federal funding so they don't have so much red tape to wade through. In a time of shrinking budgets it is almost unthinkable to decline funds but when you look at all that is required because of these programs, you find that you might be better off without the money."

Further in his letter, Mr. McCabe wrote that "No Child Left Behind is clearly setting schools up for failure. It discriminates against small, rural schools and it hurts students by taking away resources that are badly needed. This all just seems so wrong."

In addition to sending the letter to Rep. Radanovich, Mr. McCabe sent copies to Senator Barbara Boxer and Senator Dianne Feinstein and to Education Secretary Rod Paige. He sent letters to California Senator Chuck Poochigian and Assembly-man Dave Cogdill.

He received replies from Sen.. Poochigian and Assem-blyman Cogdill, both expressing concerns as well. "I am sympathetic to your situation," Poochigian wrote, "especially given the rural nature of the Yosemite Joint Union High School District, and many other small rural districts throughout the state."

Cogdill wrote that the annual Rural Education Summit to be held in October will have NCLB as its central focus.

NCLB was designed to make schools accountable for student progress in areas where federal funds are used. California's State Board of Education has adopted five performance goals for the state that had to be addressed in the LEAP.

These performance goals are:
*All students will reach high standards, at a minimum, attaining proficiency or better in reading and mathematics by 2013-14.
*All limited-English proficient students will become proficient in English and reach high academic standards, at a minimum attaining proficiency or better, in reading/language arts and mathematics.
*By 2005-06, all students will be taught by highly qualified teachers.
*All students will be educated in learning environments that are safe, drug free, and conducive to learning.
*All students will graduate from high school.

"California will be maintaining college level standards for all students," Mrs. McCully said.

The measure of school progress under NCLB will be the Annual Yearly Progress (AYP) report. Districts were to receive their baseline data from 2001-02 during June of this year. In order to meet the AYP, schools must meet or exceed annual measurable objectives for each student subgroup (economically disadvantaged, major ethnic or racial groups, students with disabilities, and English language learners).

Schools that do not meet their AYP become Program Improvement schools. Mrs. McCully said "the prediction is that all schools will be program improvement in the next couple years."

After a school is designated Program Improvement, they have 90 days to develop a Program Improvement Plan. In order to get out of the PI status, a school must meet its growth targets for two consecutive years.
A number of programs take effect when a school is designated PI. All parents in a school will be notified if that happens at their school.

The NCLB outlines requirements for "highly qualified" teachers and instructional aides.

Highly qualified means the teacher will have at least a regular credential and a bachelor's degree. "Emergency credentials are gone," Mrs. McCully said.

Elementary teachers must pass a rigorous state test and high school teachers must have a degree in the field they are teaching or pass a content-specific test.

Newly hired instructional aides who work with Title I students must have two years of college or demonstrate on formal assessment knowledge of and ability to instruct in reading, writing and math. Existing aides must meet these requirements by 2005-06. (Title I is a federal program that provides supplemental funds to be used to narrow the educational gap between disadvantaged children and other children.)

"I don't think anyone disagrees with the basic philosophy of No Child Left Behind," Mr. McCabe says. "We all believe that students should make steady progress and that teachers and instructional aides should be highly qualified. However, there are many parts of NCLB that are unrealistic."

He points to the performance goals that state "all students" will achieve proficient level or above. "What about special education students or students who have suffered traumatic injuries that have left them mentally impaired?" he asks. "It is not reasonable to expect these students to achieve at this level without accommodations and it is not reasonable to penalize a school because they don't reach the proficient level."

He notes that many schools do a wonderful job with special needs children, including the local schools, bringing them to levels of self sufficiency and teaching them basic skills. "To look at the school or the students as failures because they don't reach a level of academic
success is not right," Mr. McCabe says.

Mr. McCabe intends to continue pursuing relief for schools from some of the most unrealistic aspects of NCLB. He invited Rep. Radanovich to attend a discussion by area administrators and to hear their frustrations with the legislation. He is hoping that this will happen at some point in the future.

"We are not opposed to being held accountable. We should be accountable and I believe we are. Other administrators agree with me that this legislation needs to be revised to make it workable and to make it into something that will actually help students, not just penalize schools and students alike."

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